Sea Surface Temperature and Salinity in Lombok Strait Reconstructed From Coral Sr/Ca and δ18O, 1962–2012

Coral geochemical tracers have been used in studies of the paleoclimatology and paleoceanography tropics subtropics. We measured Sr/Ca oxygen isotope ratios (δ 18 O) a coral sample collected from southern part Lombok Strait, significant outlet Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) to Indian Ocean, reconstruct historical record sea surface temperature (SST) seawater δ O. Seawater O can be approximate salinity (SSS) because it reflects balance evaporation precipitation. The resulting time series reconstructed SST SSS, covering period 1962–2012, shows no clear trend global warming, although includes large cooling event (~4°C) during 1996–1997. Although neither nor SSS systematic relationship with El Niño–Southern Oscillation Ocean Dipole (IOD), weak but correlations are found partly. In addition, data show signals major IOD Niño events 1994 1997, respectively, climatic trends recorded not consistent those along Java-Sumatra coast. To evaluate other influences on ITF we compared our records sites Java Sea, Makassar Ombai Strait. During northwest monsoon (December–January–February), variations at Strait site similar Sea for 1962–1995, which suggests that low-salinity water is carried least where suppresses upstream However, differ three southeast (June–July–August), indicating conditions vary separately Sea. longer term, warming has widely identified Seas, fluctuations may modulating distribution heat waters western Pacific eastern Ocean.